There are designs that do feature a hydraulic installation, and removal. They are keyless. The only draw back is if, for some reason, the fit will not hold the pressure, and you can't pump it up.
The vast majority of large props are on a tapered fit, either 1-12 or 1-16, with a key. It is held secure on the taper by means of a large nut.
For instance, a typical 8 inch diameter shaft will have a taper fit that is 18 inches long, 1-12 taper, or "one inch taper to the foot", with a 2 inch wide keyseat. The thread that is used to secure the prop will be in the vacinity of 5 inch diameter, 4 tpi, 6 inches long. Shafts under 6 inch diameter will have a taper that is 1-16, or "3/4 inch taper to the foot".
Installation for most is hammering the nut up as tight as possible, (20 pound sledge hammer on a big slugging wrench), and then heating the prop hub up to about 300 degrees, and re-hammering the nut. After it cools, the slug the nut again, and lock it with a welded strap.
To get them off, they heat them, and use a big 100 ton jack with a "strong back", and pull bolts in the hub to apply the tonnage. Or, at least that is the correct way. If the pull bolt holes are all messed up, or the jack is in the shop, or the crew just doesn't feel like dragging it all out, (this IS a shipyard), they just heat the prop up, and "beat it till it bleeds". Crude, but affective.........jackie
The Rolls Royce thruster props I've removed have a hydraulic removal system that's quite effective. They have double o-rings with a test port between them you test as part of the installation procedure, before torquing the keeper hub. Apparently, on large ships, when the hydraulics fail they use explosives (det cord) to remove them. I've never seen this, but it is supposed to work well.