The only function of die lock ring shims are to facilitate precise changes in die setting without having to move the lock ring on the die. If you stack the shims correctly to start with, and have a variety of thicknesses you change the die's setting by a known amount more surely and rapidly than the usual method that requires one to adjust the die a smidge, size the case again, and remeasure bump, repeating until you get it right, with the risk of overshooting the mark. The late Skip Otto, a long time Benchrest competitor used make the die shims. When you are at a short range Benchrest match with a half hour between matches to reload and clean, being able to change a die setting by an exact amount can be a real advantage, particularly if you have trouble hitting your mark for a change in die setting to get the desired bump due to work hardening of the brass due to repeated reloading of a small set of cases. Loading at home, with a larger set of cases, this is less of an issue, unless you find adjusting a die for the desired amount of bump to be difficult.
One issue that is not often brought up, when discussing die settings, is that the annealing of factory brass, even of the best manufacture, can be sufficiently inconsistent such that the same die setting can produce different amounts of bump, even if the cases are from the same lot, and have been fired the same number of times. A friend, who ran into this problem, bought a rotary annealing machine and his variation in the amount of bump became much less, solving the problem. I think that this is more likely to be the case for cases that tend to be thicker at their shoulders. His were magnum.