Jim, there wouldn't have to be much residual lube in the barrel to use up any oxygen which would be present when it flashed off. Still, I think most makers just flood the furnace with inert gas or a flammable gas to burn off oxygen. To anneal an action without scaling, I wrap it in stainless foil with a piece of paper. The paper burns of the oxygen and the action comes out normalized and unscaled.
Hart barrels used to be marked at the point where they had to be cut off. I presume this was the point at which the air gauge indicated a variation in the bore due to lapping or reamer runout. Regards, Bill.